A high-risk pregnancy is characterized by an elevated likelihood of complications for both the woman and her fetus. This increased risk may arise from various factors inherent to the pregnancy or from existing maternal health conditions, such as cancer, diabetes, or lupus. Additionally, certain occurrences during the course of the pregnancy can contribute to a high-risk classification. Numerous elements, encompassing maternal health, fetal conditions, and complications that may develop during pregnancy, can elevate the risk associated with the pregnancy.
Maternal risk factors
- Pre-existing diabetes - Pregnancy presents unique challenges for women with pre-existing diabetes, distinct from gestational diabetes, which arises during pregnancy and typically resolves after childbirth. We offer tailored glucose management strategies, loans for home glucose meters, and personalized counseling and support from our diabetic nurse educators, who possess specialized training and experience in diabetes management. Additionally, patients have the opportunity to collaborate with our nutritionists and perinatologists.
- Organ Transplant - Regarding organ transplants, Doctors note that we care for numerous patients who have undergone organ transplants, primarily kidney transplants, along with some liver transplants. These patients may experience deteriorating renal function during pregnancy and face an elevated risk of preeclampsia, hypertension, and fetal growth restriction.
- Chronic high blood pressure - For women with severe, chronic high blood pressure, there is an increased risk of heart failure, cerebral hemorrhage, and kidney failure. Preeclampsia poses another threat, as it can hinder fetal growth and lead to premature birth or pregnancy loss.
- Blood clots - Thrombophilia, characterized by a propensity to form blood clots, may heighten risks during pregnancy. The Yale Center for Hemostasis and Thrombosis is dedicated to enhancing our understanding of how thrombosis impacts pregnancy and developing improved treatment options. Our specialists engage with patients regularly to create a safe and effective care plan during pregnancy.
- Rheumatalogic diseases - Rheumatologic conditions, such as lupus, can elevate a mother's risk of preeclampsia. Furthermore, uncontrolled lupus prior to pregnancy may lead to exacerbated flare-ups during gestation.
Other considerations include congenital or acquired heart disease, infectious diseases such as HIV and viral hepatitis, pyelonephritis (a serious kidney infection), cancer during pregnancy, and psychiatric disorders.